Problems Faced By Slum Dwellers - 1416 Words

The occupants of surrounding slums believed this land uninhabitable; however, the Tamil laborers transformed it to what is known today as the Annawadi slum. Furthermore the slum dwellers were residing on land that did not belong lawfully belong to them and they didn’t receive permission to occupy this land either; they were squatters.(pg.xii) If India’s government and law officials had adequately enforced the legality of the situation the Annawadi slum and other slums would not have existed. Through initial interior motives of several parties that played a key role in corruption slum dwellers have been able to prosper in hopes of upward social and economic mobility. However, slum dwellers have also been victimized in order to maintain†¦show more content†¦Both of their children were key players in their successes. As mentioned previously Zehrunisa was had a family trash business that and her family was one of few families in the slum who possessed a fairly great deal of money compared to everyone else. This was made possible, because of the trash business. When the business began it was ran by Karam, Zehrunisa’s husband, but since sickness had took over his body the eldest son Abdul was now in charge. Abdul purchased trash from other scavengers, sorted it and sold it to a large recycling company. Yes this business had taken off and provided enough income to support the family and still have enough to save it was not allowed for squatters on the airport’s land run businesses. So to avoid the closing of their business and the stop of the family income Zehrunisa, Abdul’s mother would pay the bribes that the officers demanded. (pg.92) In addition, when Fatima accused Zehrunisa of harming her, she was being encouraged to pay for Fatima’s silence. This was before the burn ing incident. After Fatima accused Abdul and other members in the family of playing a key role in her burning; Zehrunisa was still encouraged on numerous occasions to pay Fatima for her silence and to change her story. These suggestions came from Asha, who was influential in the Annawadi community and theShow MoreRelatedNeed For A Socio Economic Study1705 Words   |  7 PagesIII. NEED FOR A SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDY Any pragmatic strategy to prepare developmental plans for the slum area would require in-depth analysis of at least three broad issues: ïÆ'Ëœ Issues related to the migrants namely the social problems of slum population, their background, reasons of migration, duration of migration, their transition from slum to other areas, mechanism of coping with the slum problems. ïÆ'Ëœ Issues related to willingness to pay for better living conditions and expectations from the governmentRead MoreSlums During the Urbanization Process of Turkey1258 Words   |  6 PagesBaÅŸak Erel 108611006 Berke BaÅŸ Multiply-city; Representations of Urban Experience Slums During the Urbanization Process of Turkey The word ‘slum’ was firstly mentioned by a writer called James Hardy Vaux, in his book ‘Vocabulary of the Flash Language’ which was published in 1812[1]. At those times ‘slum’ was also a synonym of illegal commerce. Today, ‘slum’ is used to describe the residential areas of a huge amount of people of the world. According to the UN-Habitat report released in OctoberRead MoreAnalysis Of Behind The Beautiful Forevers 1101 Words   |  5 Pageshow individuals get out of poverty† (Boo 257). In November 2007, she and her husband, an Indian citizen, moved from the United States to India to study a group of slum dwellers in Annawadi, Mumbai (Boo 249). While studying this group of individuals in India from 2007 to 2011, Boo’s goal was to learn why the individuals within this slum have not banded together against a common enemy in order to gain upward mobility. She illustrates several common issues of developing nations inclu ding: corruptionRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Slumdog 1247 Words   |  5 Pagesdeviant acts every time; however, the reality of childhood in the slum is better illustrated in Boo’s book since it expose the danger of problems such as hunger, illness and childhood deviance. Behind the Beautiful Forevers describes numerous children’s tragic death due to the pressures of their hardship and social injustice. Sometimes leading them to unjust death on the road without clear cause. For example, Sanjay, a young boy in the slum was pressured to end his life after he thought that he was goingRead MoreEssay about social polarisation1224 Words   |  5 Pagessocial economic cohesion is likely to be weak. This disparity in a society due to income levels leads to different social classes as in the case with Brazil city leading to the rise of informal settlements. What is a favela? A favela in Brazil is a slum that is within the countrys large cities especially Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. A favela sprouts when homeless people occupy empty land and set up makeshift structures out of old materials. Favelas are part of Brazilian sociocultural practices. (PerlmanRead MorePlanet Of Slums By Mike Davis Essay2164 Words   |  9 Pagesof Planet of Slums, predicts the direction in which the world’s cities are headed, and how the changes in living conditions are only going to deteriorate if certain trends continue. The title of his book explains Davis’s vision for the future of cities as he feels there is enough evidence pointing towards an exponential rise in slum populations across the world’s largest cities. Additionally, he expresses his opinion on many issues regarding the rapid rise in developing cities’ slum populations,Read MoreThe Western Model Of Urbanization Essay1231 Words   |  5 PagesCitizenship Prof. Fredericks The Issue with the Western Model of Urbanization From the colonial period to modern globalization, the importance of nations has increased immensely. Post colonialism, nations that were once under foreign rule were faced with the challenge of identifying themselves as independent states. In an effort to break away from their colonial legacies, the focus on nationality and citizenship became an important question. Nations were asking themselves in what way they couldRead MoreThe Worst Death Trap, Killing Fourteen Italian Immigrants1493 Words   |  6 Pageswith cheap, flammable mattresses and furniture. Funds were raised for the burial of the dead and the further support of the remaining tenement inhabitants, but hundreds of thousands of other tenement-dwellers across the major cities in America would experience similar loss. The poor faced many problems in the late 1800s and early 1900s. By the end of the Gilded Age in 1884, cities had experienced exponential growth in population (due to immigration), growing city sizes (due to a mass migration toRead MoreJacob Riis How the Other Half Lives Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pages In How the Other Half Lives, the author Jacob Riis sheds light on the darker side of tenant housing and urban dwellers. He goes to several different parts of the city of New York witnessing first hand the hardships that many immigrants faced when coming to America. His journalism and photographs of the conditions of the tenant housing helped led the way of reformation in the slums of New York. His research opened the eyes of many Americans to the darker side of the nations lower class. ThoughRead MoreLot For Health Care And Rehabilitation Essay955 Words   |  4 Pagesaccess to health and education, clean water and sanitation, have poor housing and may live in overcrowded, unsanitary and unsafe areas. In Rawanda, on average people have to walk 750 meter to get water and this is impossible for who has mobility problem. (Thomas P. , January 6, 2005, pp. 5-8) 18 Migration poverty homelessness: Urban poverty report, finds that migration in India shown an increase in 2001 as compared to consistent decline during 1961-1991. The economic remains the main reason for

Why One Sin Is Worse Than Another - 1629 Words

Most Christians these days see every sin as equally bad. In other words, no one sin is worse or should draw worse punishment than another. In Dantes The Inferno, however, this is not the case. In The Inferno, the deeper one delves into Hell, the worse the sin that has been committed. The punishments that the souls incur are representative of the sins they committed in their corporeal state of being. Sins that affect others are considered worse then those that only affect ones self by Dante. The Wrathful in Canto 8 are lower down then the Hoarders and Wasters in Canto 7 because according to Dante, The Wrathful commit violent acts, or sins against others, while the Hoarders and wasters only against themselves. This is how one sin is†¦show more content†¦Members of this circle even include righteous men such as priest, popes, and cardinals who sinned greatly in avarice or prodigality, the opposite vices in the management of worldly goods. Now that it is clear why the Wrathful are in a lower circle then the Hoarders and Wasters, I would like to back up to circle three and look at the Gluttons. The reason for this is because the previous question was answered so it automatically brings up the question: Why is hoarding and wasting a more horrible sin than being gluttonous? A glutton is one who has an uncontrollable appetite and deliberately converts food into a sort of god, or at least an object of worship. So now in Hell he is punished by being forced to eat filth and mud, instead of the extravagant food and drink that he/she is used to in life. Here is what Dante saw upon entering the third circle; Huge hailstones, dirty water, and black snow pour from the dismal air to putrefy the putrid slush that waits for them below(Dante, Canto 6 line 10-12). The reason that this sin is not as bad as hoarding and wasting is that gluttons misused the natural products of the world, which for Dante, was not as bad as the sinners in t he next circle who have no respect for the manmade objects of the world, such as money and property. The reason that it is not as bad as the Wrathful is the same reason that I gave for the Hoarders and Wasters; the sin they commitShow MoreRelatedVoltaire s Candide And Dante s Inferno1562 Words   |  7 PagesVoltaire’s Candide he satires religion and questions it because of how morally corrupt religious are and how wrong it is to persecute another person’s religion. In Dante’s Inferno he reflects and shows why his religious beliefs are the reasons why people are in hell as well as why his religion justifies certain people being in hell. In Voltaire’s Candide religion is one of the main targets of what Voltaire mocks. Outside of the utopia that is El Dorado religion is consistently seen as corrupted andRead MoreEssay Gay and Lesbian Issues - Homosexuality Is Wrong1594 Words   |  7 Pagesand lesbians have been fighting for the right to marry, and adopt children. So far there is only one state that allows gays to become married. People have become more and more open minded with homosexuality. Twenty years ago homosexuality was looked down upon (in general), but now our society thinks that there is nothing wrong with homosexuality. Our nation has started to move away from God, this is why people think that homosexuality is all right. If people are not close to God and do not follow HimRead MoreShame And The Consequences Of The Scarlet Letter Essay1702 Words   |  7 PagesLetter, one can see if, or by what measure, if either Hester’s or Dimmesdale’s shame is worse than the other. I believe Dimm esdale’s internal battle with his shame is far worse than Hester’s outward shame because it is â€Å"unbearable,† as mentioned by Kilborne. An interesting idea brought up by Kilborne is how both Hester and Dimmesdale personify their sin. He questions why Dimmesdale is forced into seclusion from shame as it reaches to the depths of his soul if Hester is able to embrace her sin and shameRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne1400 Words   |  6 PagesThe Scarlet Letter, one must outwardly show the secret of his identity (Male 325). However, a common characteristic of all people is to hide their sins in secrecy. In The Scarlet Letter, the effects of hidden sin and revealed sin are exemplified through the lives of Hester Prynne, Pearl and Arthur Dimmesdale. Together Prynne and Dimmesdale commit an act of adultery against Chillingworth, which forces Prynne to admit her sins to the community. While Prynne’s open conviction of sin cause her to meetRead MoreComparing Dante s Inferno And Shakespeare s Play King Lear1606 Words   |  7 PagesDante’s Inferno and Shakespeare’s play King Lear have ma ny similar motifs within them that allude to human suffering. One such motif is as long as you can find the words to describe how bad a situation is, things can get worse. We see this concept in Dante’s Inferno when Dante the Pilgrim is traveling deeper into the depths of hell and he exclaims, â€Å"If I had words grating and crude enough that really could describe this horrid hole†¦I could squeeze out the juice of my memories to the last drop. ButRead MoreThe Divine Comedy : Hell808 Words   |  4 Pagesother words, a person’s punishment should fit the person’s crime. God sentences the sinners to an eternity of facing their own decisions. A recurring motif in The Divine Comedy is God’s fair justice. In the Second Circle of Hell, those who committed sins of lust are punished. â€Å"The blast of hell that never rests from whirling harries the spirits along in the sweep of its swath (98).† When the sinners were living, they could not control their emotions or their bodies. Therefore, their punishment is toRead MoreDr. Dimmesdale s Faulty Attributes1108 Words   |  5 Pagesever told a lie? Why? Why do we feel the need to lie? Is it because we are afraid of what the consequences of our sins might be, or maybe it is because we feel like lying is the only way to keep those around us content and happy. Whatever the reason is, we are all guilty of lying at some point. However, it is how you justify yourself the reason of the lie was that counts. Some, lie out of cowardice, afraid that others may think of them in a detrimental way. Self-deception is another reason to lie.Read MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal867 Words   |  4 PagesSince gay marriage has been legalized in a hand ful of states, there have been more than 71,165 marriages (12 Reasons Why Marriage Equality Matters). However, there are hundreds happy couples that would like to be married all over the country. The real question is why does gay marriage matter to someone who is not gay? Does it make people question their own sexuality or go against religion? The LGBT community has rights just like everyone else, and a love that is true just an opposite-sex couplesRead MoreThe Book of Genesis815 Words   |  3 PagesThe book of Genesis tells the story of the beginning of the world. Genesis answers some of life’s biggest questions- why are we here, how did everything come to be, how do I relate to others around me. Through this story, God’s unchanging nature is revealed. We are exposed to man’s shortcomings and failures, but we are also offered the hope of one to come who will be the savior of all. The first eleven chapters of Genesis provide a foundation for a Biblical worldvi ew- an explanation of how a ChristianRead MoreAnalysis of Dantes Inferno Essay748 Words   |  3 Pageson a journey through hell. On this journey, Dane sees the many different forms of sins, and each with its own unique contrapasso, or counter-suffering. Each of these punishments reflects the sin of a person, usually offering some ironic way of suffering as a sort of revenge for breaking God’s law. As Dante wrote this work and developed the contrapassos, he allows himself to play God, deciding who is in hell and why they are there. He uses this opportunity to strike at his foes, placing them in the

Catalysts for American Revolution free essay sample

The reasoning for the tension between the two Is traced back to one of the main catalysts being the Stamp Act that was Imposed on New England loonies, then to one of the last being The Boston Tea Party that ended with British war ships being sent to Boston with attempts to keep in under control. In the beginning, New England were colonies of the mother country Great Britain with mall purposes for them to serve as vessels to provide for their main location across the Atlantic.In 1756, Great Britain was engaged in the Seven Years War, a world war, but mainly what is focused on for the American Revolution is the French and Indian war, which was fought on mainly American soil and primarily between British American ND New French colonies. This specific conquest of the war had continued for nine years, and ended with approximately ten thousand British troops to be kept in American colonies, as well as accumulated as massive debt of seventy-two thousand pounds during the war, plus an added two hundred twenty-five thousand pound debt to house the British troops In American colonies. We will write a custom essay sample on Catalysts for American Revolution or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The prime minister at the time, George Greenville, needed a way to pay off this debt, which ultimately led to the stamp Act of 1756 being imposed on the American colonies. The Stamp Act was not the iris choice, but it was their final choice. The prime minister knew taxing in Britain was out of the question due to protests from the previous Cinder Tax set In place during the Butte ministry. The Greenville ministry had then decided that Parliament would raise the revenue by taxing the American colonies.The first attempt before the Stamp was the The Sugar Act of 1764 in attempts of gain a monopoly on molasses, but that had failed. With parliament knowing the massive success that other Stamp acts, they had decided to Impose this on American colonies without their contest or presentation in parliament. This was an enormous mistake as the Stamp Act had encounter great resistances within the colonies. To the colonialists in American, this act had been passed and put into effect without their contest or representation in parliament.In other words, the colonialists felt that this was a major violation of their rights as Englishmen to be tax without their consent, consent that only colonial legislatures could grant. This was a key fundamental catalyst for the starting of the revolutionary war, Taxation Without Representation. The viewpoint of the colonialists as actual representation, meaning In order to be taxed by Parliament, Americans rightly should have actually legislators seated and voting In London so they could have influence of taxes raise, levied, and spent.While on the British supported the 1 OFF represented every person in the empire causing no need for a specific representative from Virginia, or Massachusetts, as examples. Due to the massive feedback from the colonialists, as well as British merchants and manufacturers the Act was repealed and replaced by and even more important Declaratory Act. This Act stated that Parliament could take whatever action they sought fit for the good of the empire. This Act and the laws instated in it were so big and important, but had god virtually unnoticed by the colonists because of their over enjoyment at the repeal of the Stamp Act.As a result of this, Parliament began issuing several Acts upon the American Colonies of which they could do next to nothing about due to Britain simply stating it was for the good of the Empire. Acts that they had issues were ones such as the Quartering Act of 1766, which required the colonists to house British soldiers at heir own expense. They also put forth the Townsend Acts that would tax all imports into the colonies. After the Stamp Act, and then Declaratory Act, which had been a scary thing to them colonists as it had also been used in Ireland, the colonists started to rebel against the British.They felt that they could be a worthy rival to Great Britain, as Great Britain had been exporting only finished goods while the colonies were exporting the raw materials needed to produce many of these goods. Since a huge majority of the goods were imported from Britain, many felt that they should boycott al of British made items. George Washington agreed on this and stated that he believes and hoped that the boycott will work, but for it to work all of the people in the colonies must mobile and participate in the boycott.There was also the situation of Thomas Hutchinson, who was for more or less, an English spy, as he resided within the colonies and followed and trusted in English law. He had written several letters that were personal and against the colonists, one of them saying dire actions were needed and troops needed to be send to Boston. Benjamin Franklin, Hough he did have deep love for his home country of Britain, had taken the letters written by Hutchinson and published them.He was put on court for what he had done, and from the actions taken upon him by the country he loved, turn against them to help fight and bring the French to help in the revolution. More major catalysts had constantly been occurring to lead to the revolution. Another big one was the Boston Massacre, which in the sense was not actually a massacre. The story goes that in Boston, kids had thrown snowballs at British soldiers, in which they had delicate and fired back upon the kids, killing five of them.This event was made even more publicized and larger of an ordeal by the cartoon that was made by Paul Revere. The cartoon exaggerated the events that actually occurred and depicted British soldiers firing upon innocent people for no apparent reason. This cartoon and event had caused even more of a stir in the colonies towards the British. One of the main and final catalysts that led to the American Revolution was the Boston Tea Party. Before this specific event occurred, half a million pounds of tax British tea with intro from the Easy Indian Trade Company were sent to America.Just about every single port in which the British had landed were protested and sent away with the tea, not allowing them to unload the tax tea. Others were forced out of the ports, but stored in basically warehouses were none were purchased. In Boston, however, there was a giant standoff and protest between the colonists and Thomas Hutchinson. In unloaded, a group of colonists dressed as Mohawk Indian Warriors went onto the ship and dumped 330 chest of tea into the ocean. This, known as the Boston TeaParty, was looked at and realized as an act of great political defiance and the result being the British sending warships to Boston harbors. The fear of Tyranny was upon the Bostonians, and it had now seemed to come true. They warships had arrived and kept Boston on Lockwood, ending the self-government in Massachusetts and leading into the Battle of Concord, starting the American Revolution. The causes of the American Revolution were deeply rooted in the colonists thoughts and ideals of personal liberty and autonomy.

Compare and contrast how power relations influence the growth of the r

Introduction Australia is better known as one of the liberal democracy around the globe. The notion of the liberal democracy suggests a distinctive perspective on power (Starrett, 2009). The growth of economy and other significant industry in the globalization is largely depends on the mutual relation between the two country. In the age of globalisation power relation help to maintain the overall economy of the country and also help to growth and become one of the most developed country around the globe. Australia and New Zealand are two of most significant country. The continuing economic bend puts a target on the overall role of the renewable energy in the overall growth of the economy. The energy industry fuels the economy and the overall steady availability hence it is important to consider the energy sector in details. This will ensure that there is constant supply of energy to meet the demand. Power relation influence the growth of the renewable energy industry Australia is a small greenhouse gas polluter around the global but it has one of the worst per capital as it very dependent on the electricity on its abundant reserve of coal, which eventually helps the country one of the largest exporter of the polluting fuel. Power relation with the new Zealand and Australia will help the countries to grow in the field of renewable energy as Australia and New Zealand are the country which are suppose to have most of the renewable energy. Power relation helps to influence the overall growth of the company and helps to increase the overall renewable energy (Srensen, 1979). Business practices helps to improve the relation between the countries and thus help to increase the overall economic growth of the country in the global platform. Australia has abundant coal resource whereas the New Zealand have geothermal power station, which constitute total around 77% of the electricity total electricity. With the help of the renewable source the both the count ry have should produce a better result and help them to growth in the near future. Conclusion The renewable energy such as solar power, wind power, coal etc are present in Australia and New Zealand in abundant, which helps to generate electricity and other significance to fuels, which helps to grow the overall economy of the country (Langwith, 2009). Thus, help to increase eat renewable sector into one of the major sector, which add significant part of the economical growth and thus increase the GDP of both the country. Tasmania focus for 100% renewable, Australia commits to 20% renewable by 2020, Australia is drying out due to greenhouse gas emissions. The pwer relation with the New Zealand will help the Australia to increase their performance related to the renewable energy sector. As New Zealand, is equipped with all the renewable energy when compared with Australia. Globalization is one of the primary activates which the country adapt to become globalised nation which eventually help to improve the economic condition and thus generate economic growth of the country. Power relation will enhance the renewable energy sector of both the country (Da Rosa, 2005).

Cloning in my eyes is very sick and twisted. Essays - Biology

Cloning in my eyes is very sick and twisted. Cloning causes severe animal suffering. Despite years of research, over 95% of cloning attempts fail, even with extensive veterinary intervention. Birth defects, physiological impairments, illness, and premature death continue to be the norm, not the exception, with cloning. Seemingly healthy clones have unexpectedly developed problems. Problems occur with cloning far more often than with any other method of reproduction. Large Offspring Syndrome, a typically fatal condition associated with a host of abnormalities, occurs in over 50% of cow clones, but in fewer than 6% of conventionally bred animals. Hydrops , another typically fatal condition in which the animal swells with fluid, occurs in 28% of cow clones, but very rarely otherwise. A high rate of late-term pregnancy loss, pregnancy complications, painful labor , and surgical intervention is unique to clone pregnancies. Cloning animals shows us what might happen if we try to clone humans. What have these animals taught us about the risks of cloning?

Nationalism in Politics and Culture

Nationalism in Politics and Culture Nationalism is a term used to describe a fervent emotional identification with ones country and its people, customs, and values. In politics and public policy, nationalism is a doctrine whose mission is to protect a nations right to self-govern and shield fellow residents of a state from global economic and social pressures. The opposite of nationalism is globalism. Nationalism can range from the unthinking devotion of flag-waving patriotism in its most benign form to chauvinism, xenophobia, racism, and  ethnocentrism  at its worst and most dangerous.  It is often associated with the sort of deeply emotional commitment to one’s nation - over and against all others - that leads to atrocities like those committed by the National Socialists in Germany in the 1930s, wrote University of West Georgia philosophy professor Walter Riker. Political and Economic Nationalism In the modern era, President Donald Trumps America First doctrine was centered on nationalist policies that included higher tariffs on imports, a crackdown on illegal immigration, and the withdrawal of the United States from trade agreements his administration believed were harmful to American workers. Critics described Trumps brand of nationalism as white identity politics; indeed, his election coincided with the rise of the so-called alt-right movement,  a loosely connected group of young, disaffected Republicans and white nationalists. In 2017, Trump told the United Nations General Assembly: In foreign affairs, we are renewing this founding principle of sovereignty. Our governments first duty is to its people, to our citizens, to serve their needs, to ensure their safety, to preserve their rights and to defend their values. I will always put America first, just like you, as the leaders of your countries, will always and should always put your countries first. Benign Nationalism? National Review editor Rich Lowry and senior editor Ramesh Ponnuru used the term benign nationalism in 2017: The outlines of a benign nationalism are not hard to discern. It includes loyalty to one’s country: a sense of belonging, allegiance, and gratitude to it. And this sense attaches to the country’s people and culture, not just to its political institutions and laws. Such nationalism includes solidarity with one’s countrymen, whose welfare comes before, albeit not to the complete exclusion of, that of foreigners. When this nationalism finds political expression, it supports a federal government that is jealous of its sovereignty, forthright and unapologetic about advancing its people’s interests, and mindful of the need for national cohesion. Many argue, though, that there is no such thing as benign nationalism and that any nationalism is divisive and polarizing at its most innocuous and hateful and dangerous when carried to extremes. Nationalism is not unique to the United States, either. Waves of nationalist sentiment have swept through the electorate in Britain and other parts of Europe, China, Japan, and India. One notable example of nationalism was the so-called Brexit vote in 2016 in which citizens of the United Kingdom chose to leave the European Union.   Types of Nationalism in the United States In the United States, there are several kinds of nationalism, according to research conducted by sociology professors at Harvard and New York universities. The professors, Bart Bonikowski and Paul DiMaggio, identified the following groups: Restrictive nationalism, or the  belief that the only true Americans are Christians, speak English, and were born in the United States.Ardent nationalism, or the belief that the  United States is superior ethnically, racially, or culturally to other countries. This can be referred to as ethnic nationalism, too. White nationalists espouse white supremacist or white separatist ideologies and believe non-whites are inferior. Those hate groups include the Ku Klux Klan, neo-Confederates, neo-Nazis, racist skinheads, and Christian Identity.  Civic or liberal nationalism, the belief that  Americas democratic institutions and constitutionally protected liberties are superior, or exceptional. Sources and Further Reading on Nationalism Heres where you can read more about all forms of nationalism. What 4 types of American nationalism can tell us about Trump voters:  Bart Bonikowski and Paul DiMaggio, The Washington PostFor Love of Country,  Rich Lowry and Ramesh Ponnuru,  National ReviewNationalism can have its good points. Really.:  Prerna Singh, The Washington PostOn Nationalism and Exceptionalism: Yuval Levin, Ethics Public Policy CenterThe Trouble With Nationalism, Jonah Goldberg, National Review

EC202 SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

EC202 SLP - Essay Example If a country has a high GDP, it means it is healthy and has low unemployment, higher wages and hence higher spending power. Hence, Novartis would be more profitable in countries with higher GDPs where it can sell its products at a higher price. ii. Balance of Payments: Since Novartis is in a highly regulated industry (pharmaceuticals) Balance of Payments indicator becomes very important macro-economic indicator for Novartis. If a country is in fiscal deficit, it is likely that the government will induce a spending cut on its healthcare budget, and thereby the government would push Novartis to lower its drugs’ prices. iii. Interest Rates: Novartis being a multi-national pharmaceutical company engages in a number of foreign exchange transactions/flows across the globe. Hence, differences in interest rates would affect the relative worth of currencies in relation to one another (esp. forex changes between euro, CHF and USD). 2. What do these indicators suggest about the current o r future condition of your organization? With regards to the current economic crisis in the US, the macro-economic factors would have a negative effect on the condition of Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation. The US Congress recently passed a $38 billion spending cut bill (Reuters) that is anticipated to cut budgets of various government run healthcare and social programs.

Systems programming-Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Systems programming-Research - Essay Example In other words, the operating system serves as an intermediary component between the user and the application-programs as well as between the application-programs and the hardware of the computer system. Thus, being an intermediary between the users of computer applications and the resources of the computer systems, the OS offers the following three fundamental services to the users: 1. Accepts user requests and processes them from the user’s program-applications and generates or displays the desired output results. 2. Loads, manages, as well as executes programs. 3. Manages the computer hardware resources such as the interfaces to networks and to other peripheral components of the computer system. The figure 1 given below schematically shows the correlation that exists among the various components of a computer system. Figure 1: The relationship of the Modern Operation System to other integrated components of the computer system. ... Management System (FMS)  ¦ Memory Management  ¦ Process Control Management and Inter-process Communication  ¦ Scheduling and Dispatching  ¦ Communication Support, Network Management, and Communication Interfaces  ¦ Secondary Storage Management  ¦ Support for System Administration  ¦ System Protection Management and Security Some OS also offer a program called system manager that is also commonly referred as a monitor or supervisor that not only deals with the competing requests or conflicts but also serves as a general controller and arbiter for the overall computer system. Although some other system functions are oftentimes handled as separate blocks, such as the accounting and error handling, however they are more likely to appear under the blocks already listed. Many modern operating systems offer some features that combine computer commands into pseudo-programs that are known as shell scripts. Moreover, the batch-oriented systems possibly combine the individual comm ands into a set of control statements that are to be executed and interpreted without user intervention one at a time for the purpose of controlling the process of a multi-step ‘‘task.’’ Every step in the task executes an individual job. As for instance, on large IBM systems, the sequence of commands employed for this purpose, developed a language called Job Control Language (JCL). Furthermore to the standard OS commands, the shell scripting languages are conventionally used for providing branch and loop commands as well as for providing other features of the computer language. Shell scripts are used as if they were actual programs. It provides the following common features:  ¦ A way to redirect input/output data to a device that is different from the one used normally such as a disk file rather

American Paradox, The US Iranian relations during the Shah of Iran Essay

American Paradox, The US Iranian relations during the Shah of Iran. The paradox between the US policy against the dictato - Essay Example However, there was a lot of discontent among the people of Iran due to his dictatorial attitude. Shah’s regime collapsed in 1979 during a period known as the Iranian or Islamic revolution. The Islamic revolution brought monarchical rule in Iran to an end. The Iranian Revolution took place in 1979, 1many analyst explain that during this time about eight million people, approximately one-fifth of the whole of Iranian population, took to the streets to demonstrate about the still-formidable regime of Mohammed Reza Shah Pahlavi. After the victorious triumph of the revolution, it became evident that the powers affiliated with Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeni had gained control in the post-revolutionary struggle for power, the grand party that had managed to overthrow the Shah`s regime had begun to collapse. Consequently, progressive support for the new regime decreased to a very dedicated core base that comprised a division of clerical establishments, the middle class, and the urban poor enabling the new regime to combine its powers. 2 The recent history of the Iran an Islamic Republic is outstanding in its steady disintegration in the extent and capacity of public support for the regime. At the end of the twentieth century, Iran was a nation of frustrated hopes. The revolutionaries had pledged to reverse the course of dependent economic development, which favored economic growth and compensating a few well connected families that had been pursued by the Pahlavi regime. The revolutionary regime, promised to establish an economically developed and independent Iran in which the fruits ofthe economic growth and prosperity were to be added with equity and social justice. Civil liberties as well as the rights of citizens to petition their Government through the formation of voluntary association and political parties were to assured. The Government and the society were to become morally upright through piety and strict compliance with the dictators of Islam. 3â€Å"Sho rtly after the revolution, in search of self-sufficiency, the Iranian government nationalized a vast proportion of Iran’s large scale industries, as well as banking and insurance.† 4Iran`s economy had been deteriorating due to the country`s population. The country’s population has doubled, reaching approximately 64 million people, which is approximately 30 million above the population during the Shah`s regime. The population exploded as a result of the clerical elites who reintroduced the child marriage, and discouraged contraceptives after the revolution. Iran`s population is already expanding to the present regime which has caused even a more devastating consequences for the future. Relations between the United States and Iran during the reign of Shah were pleasant. During the reign of President Eisenhower in the United States, Moscow asserted that the United States supported a coup by Shah. 5â€Å"The United States had been pictured as actively intervening in Iranian affairs and as the inspirer of the attempted coup by the Shah.† This was contrary to the move of supporting freedom worldwide that the United States had taken after the Second World War. 6â€Å"The United States policy during that period was based on a policy of containment-an effort to contain the influence of communism.† Despite embarking on the policy of ‘

Service Blueprint For 100 Yen Sushi Information Technology Essay

Service Blueprint For 100 Yen Sushi Information Technology Essay The US might eventually reach and equally high penetration of wireless device and acquire abundant number of content provider and dealers that target mobile users. It is hard to imaging however that people in US would spend at least 1 hour daily looking at their cellular phon. A phenomenon commence commuter in Japan. The legacy effect of excellent land line telephone services in the US would delay the rapid adoption of M-Commerce as weaknesses in other country. Using a customer as a partial employee in the service process has several organizational implication such use create the tradeoff between operational efficiency and operational control. When customer provides element of the service may result enhance efficiency of the service capacity because the capacity is added to the system at the moment it is needed. At the same time, however, much of the quality of the service may be out of the control of the organization mistake made by the customer may be costly. For example, the self-service yogurt machines in a grocery stall is a highly efficient delivery system but it may also result in waste extra work for the cleaning staff and damage to the equipment when customers misuse it. The use as customer as partial employee also require management to train the customer in how to behave often the training must take place at the time when the train sought failure to communicate the proper behavior may result in customer anxiety and dissatisfaction. Customer who act as partial employee have implication for marketing operation, services may target the type of customer who desire a lot of control over the process and who is a quick learner. An example may be seen in the relationship between airline and frequent business traveler who are often control oriented and well education. What possible dangers are associated with developing complementary services? The possibility of increasing the firms liability because of those added services. For instance adding cold or hot sandwiches at convenient grocery store incur the possibility that a customer might suffer food poisoning and take legal action against the store. Another example seen the addition self service guest bunk which involve the risk of fire damage and injuries. When the complementary services attract customer who may hurt business consider a shopping mall that install a video arcade may become a heaven, for noisy and teenagers who will drive away those customer who want to shopping in peace. Suggest diversions that could make waiting less painful. Offer attention diversion suggests video games, travel poster, music and magazine. Group waiting people in cluster to promote intention. Acknowledge the customer present, inform the customer about the waiting time and advise the customer about any requirement of limitation of service for he or she is waiting. Make the customer aware of any other services the organization might offer promote community services; provide information about non-competing organization by scenic side and etc. Provide live entertainment, example musician in a restaurant; divert attention for customers who wait for services. Provide toys to young children. Offer education materials, suggest video tapes relating to customers need, example, the divert person will show the tapes related to condition. Offer refreshment. How can effects of service recovery be understood as customer perceived fairness? There are three dimension of perceive fairness in regard to the service process: Distributive fairness related to the extent to reach recovery offer equates that the customer feel is deserved or needed. Procedure fairness relates to how much influences, the customer feels has on the process and to how timely or convenient the recovery is. Interactional fairness is concern with the quality of interpersonal interaction occurring during offer recovery. Example, fair, honest, empathy interaction, fair communication and behaviour. An excellent recovery process can turn a quality disaster to positive experiences. Tutorial 11 Explain why the goods analogy of a supply chain is inappropriate for services. For physical goods, the analogy of a chain ideally capture the linear hand off of inventory between players in the distribution of product firm supplier à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Manufacturer à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Distributors à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Retailer à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Final Customer. The chain can be rather short, for Dell computer that sell directly but substantially longer for end for an automobile manufacturer selling through independent dealers. The simultaneously production and consumption nature of service doesnt lend itself to the chain analogy but rather the service encounter is the essence of the service experience. The service provider can in turn have supplier but virtual analogy is a hub rather than chain. Suggest some strategies for controlling the variability in service times. To limit the service provider or to standardized them, eg. Fast food restaurant, they offer limited menu and standardized the ways in which the worker provide the services. To partition demand into categories such as we see for commercial customer at bank or express lane customers at supermarkets. Pizza Hut delivery services can guarantee delivery within a specific time by controlling variability to several measure. They standardize the preparation of the pizza and they locate store strategy throughout the town. They also organize the delivery people, so each one can make several delivery on each trip. When the line becomes long at some fast-food restaurants, an employee will walk along the line taking orders. What ate the benefits of this policy? To discourage customer to reneging once an order is taken the customer feel committed to follow. Taking orders from customer while they still in line, save time when the counter is rich. The only tasks remaining are taking money and filling the order which reduce services time and increase the capacity to serve. Such strategy establishes customer contact early in the encounter may avoid having to play catch up point later. Personnel who are on the floor taking orders during busy time can also keep wash for tables that need to be clean and make ready to accommodate the new customers. Will the widespread use of yield management eventually erode the concept of fixed prices for any service? More service establish to some extent the capacity constraint dilemma faced by airline and hotel there are unable to inventory their product (seat on flight or room for night) to avoid losing the revenue for time perishable capacity constraints airline/hotel services are motivated to presale the inventory when possible by using reservation and giving discount to avoid loss sales. eg. Travellers found that the publish room rate for under utilize hotels are quickly abandoned if the quest request a discount. The exemption to business that practise thus strategy are budget hotel that fill on those room each time, yield management has allocate customer to perishable measure of capacity constraints services and this knowledge will destroy fixed price for many service lead to price negotiation for all services. Tutorial 12 (Managing Capital Demand) What organizational problems can arise from the use of part-time employees? The uses of part time employees can be very helpful to businesses that have peak demand period such as restaurant, supermarket and bank. Part time employees are usually paid lower wages and they enjoy fewer if any benefits of company are provided for full time employees. Also, it is not generally flexible for a company to carry carrier development incentives to part time employees; it is also more difficult to fit them into their organization structure. In addition, part time employees generally have lower experience than full time employee. As a result, part time employee may have bad attitudes and loss loyalty and commitment which could affect reliability performance the quality of work. This situation can leave the direct impact on customer and the business. In view of this condition, part time employee may require greater supervision and control that could be necessary for full-time employee. Also, there is usually a greater turnover in part time employee, so more time must be spent in training new employee. Finally, the business must hire more part time employee than full time people to start position which create more administration work for scheduling, personal record and payroll. How can computer-based reservation systems increase service capacity utilization? The main function of the reservation systems is to pre-sell the services. A reservation system allows the customer to reserve a service long before it is actually utilized. Allowing customer to make reservation has certain advantages. The reservation systems can be used to reflect demand to other times or location where services capacity is available. For example, if a passenger wants flight that is full reservation, the reservation clerk can suggest immediately suggest alternatives fly are available. Thus demand of service capacity has been effectively re-routed to under utilize capacity. Reservation systems also allow the services to over book its capacity when it reasonably expect to have no show. Illustrate how a particular service has implemented successfully strategies for managing both demand and capacity. Because a service is consume and produce simultaneously a failure to provide enough capacity to serve results in idle servers and facilities. Public school had been experiencing this variability in demand recently owing to frustration in the no. of school age children a move of family from center city to suburban and increasing enrollment in private school. Some strategies for managing the demand and supply are as followed. Managing Demand: Expand education services by offering adult education, early childhood education programs and before and after school child care program. Offer social services such as community education program, job retraining programs, programs for senior citizen and summer recreation programs. Promote of peak demand in some areas by offering summer school classes. Managing capacity: Use school building when classes are no longer held because of declining and enrollment for warehousing school supply or for admin office or lease those to other organization until school demographic change. Hire teachers who are train in more than 1 subject in order to cope with a fluctuating demand for courses. Hire part time teacher in small schools for support areas such as art, music and physical education. Suggest some strategies for controlling the variability in service times. To limit the services provider or to standardize them, fast food restaurant provide an excellent example of both approach they offer menu and they standardize the wears in which the worker provide the services. To patricians demand categories such as we see for commercial customer at bank or express lane customers at market. Pizza Hut delivery services can guarantee delivery within a specific time by controlling variability to several measure. They standardize the preparation of the pizza and they locate store strategy throughout the town. They also organize the delivery people. Each one can make one several delivery in each trip. Discuss the functions of inventory for different organizations in the supply chain (i.e., manufacturing, suppliers, distributors, and retailers). Manufacturing- factory inventory can be divided into 3 categories: raw materials, walk-in-progress (WIP) and finished goods. Raw materials are usually purchase in bulk quantities that often take advantages of price discount or forward buying in anticipation of future price increase. WIP is materials found on the factory floor in various steps of competition, WIP creates buffers between different manufacturing various steps and those allow some independent in operation. Finished goods if not representing a completed customer order ready for shipment are those available for immediately delivery. Suppliers- in addition to the role of inventory share with other manufacturer, suppliers are expected to the role make delivery to their manufacturing cost on a just in time (JIT) basis. Using electronic data intra changes (EDI) suppliers are indirect contact with manufacturing contact with manufacturing cost and those they are reduce ordering delay significantly using EDI and JIT delivery, inventory level can reduce. Distributors- act as consolidator of retail demand and provide more efficient distribution of goods because demand can be aggregated of regional level, distributors allow small manufacturer the opportunity to reach market efficiently by sharing the distribution cost with other firms. Retailers at the retail level inventory are on display for ready accepts by customer. Lack of inventory for immediate sale that is stock out represent a lose sale and possible loss of future sales if the customers never return. Suggest ways that service management can influence the arrival times of customers. Use appointment or reservation. Fill appointment times with walk in Advertise the time during the day/week when the facility is seldom busy Offer reduce rates for the services of weekends, example, telephone rates Segment the market by time sensitivity, example, retire people with no schedules and business people at lunch time and student after school Offer inducements suggest double stands on Wednesday gifts for the first specific customer who was arrived reduce the matinee rates for early theatre performance or meals. Tutorial 13 (Growth and Globalization of Services) Discuss the implications of service outsourcing for employees, stockholders, customers, and host-country economy when a firm outsources a call center overseas. Employees of the firm will lose their job resulting in personal hardship, a lot of tax base of the local economy, unemployed employees and unexpressed of the government. Stockholders will probably see some infinite improvement profit due to saving but this will dissipate when competitors follow the outsourcing practice. Customers may be unaware the claim but could put off if the outsource call center is less responsive to customer need. Eg, Dell computer give up its oversea call center for its high dollar business clients following complaint poor service. The host country economy and its citizen should benefit from the creation of new job. In what ways are service sector inventory problems different from typical manufacturing inventory problems? Services inventory problems differ from manufacturing inventory problems in the following ways: Set up/ordering cost are typically not of great concern Number of products is much larger Shelf space limitation are a main concern They are usually loss sales not back orders Product substitution often occur in services Demand variances is often much higher Information accuracy is lower What is the main difference between offshoring and outsourcing? Discuss THREE (3) potential risks of outsourcing. Offshoring involve moving work to a different country, workers can be employes by the same firm or different firm. Outsourcing involve moving work to a different company, workers can be in a same country or a different one. Outsourcing vs. Offshoring Risk: Outsourcer may collapse financially, go bankrupt, experience labor strike and a company might have to find a new solution on a short notice. Outsourcer might share or sell the sensitive company information to competitors. Company can become so tide or dependent on a particular outsources that outsource can drastically increase price in the future. Potential Risk of outsourcing Loss of direct control over quality Jeopardizes employee loyalty because of job loss fears Exposure to data and security and customer privacy issues Dependence in one supplier compromises future negotiation leverage Additional coordination expense and delays Waste of in-house capability to perform outsourced service What is the main purpose of yield management techniques? Suggest and explain FOUR (4) tactics to be used to manage supply. Purpose of yield management techniques: To sell right capacity to the right customer with right price. manage demand capacity to maximize revenue 4 tactics to manage supply: à ¢-   Daily / weekly work shift scheduling ~ Carefully scheduling work shifts, profile of service capacity can be made to approximate demand à ¢-   Cross training employees ~ cross -training employees to perform tasks in different operation creates flexible capacity to meet peaks in demand à ¢-   Increase customer participation ~ Customer provides labor just at the moment its required ~ Thus, capacity to serve varies directly with demand rather than being fixed à ¢-   Using Part-Time Employees ~ A ready part-time labor pool is available for who are interested in supplementing their primary source of income Company can utilize creative work schedule to solve the problem of unevenness of customer demand throughout a day such as non-uniform starting time and work days that have variable work hours. The traditional method for a control strategy cuts total labor by encouraging customer to participate in serving themselves. By cross-training personnel for different jobs, a company can flexibly shift personnel temporary to increase the capacity of any position. Capacity can offer be shared between department or between firm for personnel or equipments that is needed only occasionally. Eg., sharing the same secretarial accounting and office management team. How is a service level determined for most inventory items? Many factors are considered in determining a service level for an inventory item. The most of obvious included the cost of holding extra inventory as a safety stock and the cost associated with a stock out using an information database and expresses the delivery. This cause can be reducing significant need, for example, some retailers will have a stock out item, shop directly to the cost from another store. The competitive circumstances or willingness of the customer to place a back order also play a part. Rural store with competitors will seldom have the variety found in urban areas. What is the inherent conflict in a franchising arrangement? A franchiser is interested in delivering a consistent offering across all units in order to establish a brand that attract travelling customer. However franchising attracts either entrepreneurial owner-operator or large firm operating several franchises. In the case of the owner-operators that is a desire to personalize the establishment and cattle to the local customer base. Large firm with multiple units under management have the power and economy self-incentives to challenges the franchiser in particular with respect to any binding agreement (example: supplies and materials). Given the atypical nature of the franchise contract two business entities bound together in a contract seeking mutual and separate profitability, it is unsurprisingly susceptible to disputation. Conflicts can be categories five groups, relating to: values; relationships; data; structures; and interests. Causes of franchising conflict: financial issues can cause franchisees to seek either release or re-negotiation of their agreement; disputes with third parties; operational disputes with potential to impact on others involved in the same franchise scheme; financial issues interconnected with family and personal issues.

Understanding The Yellow Wallpaper -- Yellow Wallpaper essays

Understanding The Yellow Wallpaper      Ã‚   There are more reported cases of clinical depression in women than their are in men. There is also, generalized in western cultures, a stereotype that women are fragile and should be more dedicated to maintaining the home, doing feminine things, that they shouldn't work, and be discouraged from intellectual thinking. In the Victorian period (1837-1901) aside from women's suffragette movements the Victorian woman usually upheld this stereotype of a well behaved wife, more or less a possession then an individual. However, there were a few who defied the odds and took it to heart to let the world know about the indifference's that they went through. Charlotte Perkins Gilman, feminist, was one of these women who used her writing to express the differences and hardships women went through. One of her more famous works, the Yellow Wallpaper, is known as both a feminist piece and a depiction of Victorian life and indifferences for women. It is a piece that can have controversial me anings that can be taken to heart to why Gilman ever wrote it.    "The Yellow Wallpaper" has a simple enough story, the woman is taken to a rented house to recover from a nervous depression that she was experiencing. The depression was something common in women of the time, especially in more upper class women with little to do. The antidote " the cure" was developed by a Weir Mitchell, for psychoneurosies, in theory a women should inhibit herself from any kind of work or thinking and to get as much fresh air as possible. The heroine is subjected to this cure. Having been confined to a room in the house she starts imagining things in the wallpaper that she hates so much. However, as the story progresses it i... ...it to show that kind of diversity. She probably wanted a release, to share her life, to get back at the Wier Cure, to show the injustice brought to women of the period and to probably just be creative. In finding reviews and biographies on Gilman one does not find too many bad words written on her. She is held as a very prestigious writer. As for the yellow wallpaper it really expands the minds and makes one have to sit back and analyze what was really going on.    Works Cited    Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. Why I Wrote "The Yellow Wallpaper"? http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/ daniel/amlit/wallpaper/Whywrote.html    Korb, Rena. An Overview of "The Yellow Wallpgper," in Exploring Short Stories Literature Resource Center. Gale Research, 1998.    Stone, Les. Charlotte (Anna) Perkins (Stetson) Gilman. Contemporary A uthors Online. The Gale Group, 2000.

Judicial Activism Essay

It is perhaps unsurprising that the liberal court led by Chief Justice Earl Warren from 1953 to 1969 invalidated federal, state and local laws at almost twice the rate of the Roberts court. But the more conservative court that followed, led by Chief Justice Warren E. Burger from 1969 to 1986, was even more activist, striking down laws in almost 9 percent of its cases, compared with just over 7 percent in the Warren court and just 4 percent in the Roberts court. The court led by Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist from 1986 to 2005 was also more activist than the current one, at 6.4 percent. In a new book, â€Å"Terms of Engagement,† Clark M. Neily III of the Institute for Justice, a libertarian group, calculated that the Supreme Court struck down just 103 of the 15,817 laws enacted by Congress in the half-century ending in 2002. â€Å"It is implausible,† he wrote, â€Å"to suppose the federal government hits the constitutional strike zone 99.5 percent of the time.† Mr. Neily urged the Supreme Court to be more active but rejected the phrase â€Å"judicial activism.† After the Supreme Court argument in the case in the spring of 2012, with things looking grim for the fate of his law, Mr. Obama tried to shift the terms of the discussion back to activism. â€Å"I’d just remind conservative commentators,† he said, â€Å"that for years what we’ve heard is the biggest problem on the bench was judicial activism or a lack of judicial restraint — that an unelected group of people would somehow overturn a duly constituted and passed law.† Three months after Mr. Obama’s remarks, Chief Justice Roberts broke with his usual conservative allies and voted with the court’s four liberals to uphold the law. In a joint dissent, the four conservatives said the majority was wrong to portray its ruling as â€Å"judicial modesty† when â€Å"it amounts instead to a vast judicial overreaching.† In a recent essay, â€Å"Why We Need More Judicial Activism,† Suzanna Sherry, a law professor at Vanderbilt University, said the Supreme Court had erred more often in sustaining laws than in striking them down. â€Å"Too much of a good thing can be bad,† she wrote, â€Å"and democracy is no exception.† The article’s central claim is based upon political science research showing that the Roberts Court has been more likely to reach â€Å"conservative† decisions than its predecessors. Liptak reports: In its first five years, the Roberts court issued conservative decisions 58 percent of the time. And  in the term ending a year ago, the rate rose to 65 percent, the highest number in any year since at least 1953. The recent shift to the right is modest. And the court’s decisions have hardly been uniformly conservative. The justices have, for instance, limited the use of the death penalty and rejected broad claims of executive power in the government’s efforts to combat terrorism. But scholars who look at overall trends rather than individual decisions say that widely accepted political science data tell an unmistakable story about a notably conservative court. This distinction is important because the data presented by Liptak suggests that the Roberts Court is such a â€Å"conservative minimalist† court. Indeed, it appears to be the most restrained – or least â€Å"activist† (if â€Å"activism† is defined as willingness to overturn federal statutes or prior precedents) – Court since World War II. According to the data presented with the article in this chart, the Warren, Burger and Rehnquist Courts overturned precedents at an average rate of 2.7, 2.8 and 2.4 per term, respectively. The Roberts Court, on the other hand, has only overturned an average of 1.6 precedents per term. The record on striking down laws shows a similar pattern. The Warren, Burger, and Rehnquist Courts struck down an average of 7.9, 12.5, and 8.2 laws per term, whereas the Roberts Court has only invalidated an average of 3 laws per term. Liptak acknowledges this data at the close of his article, but downplays it with his description: â€Å"The Roberts court is finding laws unconstitutional and reversing precedent — two measures of activism — no more often than earlier courts.† So, while the majority of the Roberts Court’s decisions are â€Å"conservative,† the data Liptak summarizes does not appear to have resulted in a more â€Å"conservative† legal regime, as the Roberts Court has done relatively little to change the law (at least thus far) compared to its predecessors. This is important, because it effectively refutes claims that there is anything particularly radical or â€Å"activist† about the Roberts Court, even if one accepts that it is notably â€Å"conservative.† There is no evidence as yet that the Roberts Court is as willing to challenge federal power as the Court was under Burger (National League of Cities v. Usery) or Rehnquist (Lopez, Morrison, Boerne). There are exceptions, such as some of the Court’s Miranda decisions – which have certainly made the law less protective of criminal suspects and defendants – and Citizens United, but these exceptions are balanced by aggressive liberal opinions in areas like executive power and the death penalty. In sum, even if most of the Roberts Court’s decisions are â€Å"conservative† a substantive analysis of the Roberts Court’s decisions does not reveal a significant rightward shift in the law.

German Weapon Develop. (WWII) essays

German Weapon Develop. (WWII) essays If World War I was a war to end all wars then World War II was a war that redefined the rules of war. Great technological leaps were made, from radar to the atomic bomb. Germany in particular developed many new weapons such as the Tiger tank and the V2 rocket. With the exception of America with its atomic bomb, Germany made the largest technological strides of all the warring countries. Had Hitler let his generals do their jobs Germany might not have won, but would have lasted long enough to bargain effectively at the peace talks. Hitler not only made tactical mistakes, but also crippling logistical errors that lead to the inability for the Wehrmacht (the German Army) to supply itself. Early in the war, the Wehrmacht was feared for their tanks which the Russians and Americans could not match in power. However, later the Russians built the T-34 which was faster and more powerful than the Panther I and Tiger I tanks that the Germans were using. The Americans had also developed more effect anti-tank guns which could kill a Panther or Tiger easily. Hitler ordered that a better and more powerful tank be developed. After being shown the Tiger II, he immediately fell in love with it and ordered a larger gun put on it. The Tiger II was originally designed to be a medium tank with greater mobility than the T-34s. However, with the new gun and thus a new motor for the weight, it ended up being far heavier than any tank made up to that date. So, the original mobility that the engineers had hoped for was destroyed and was just another heavy tank. Hitler did not care though and ordered for production to begin immediately. The Tiger II was good because of its thick armor and range. Its 88mm barrels could hit a tank 3.5km (2.2mi) away which was far beyond any enemy tanks range. Up to this day, there are no records that the Tiger IIs frontal armor was ever penetrated. The Tiger II took an expert crew to be used effectively sin...

For capitol punishment blue collar comedy tour movie clip is used for this essay

For capitol punishment blue collar comedy tour movie clip is used for this essay The Need for Capital Punishmentblue collar comedy tour clip chapter 3 13:25-14:14Imagine yourself in a room, 12 feet long by 6 feet wide. You're sittingon a metal bed bolted to the floor with a thin foam cushion. The only otherthings in the room are a table and a chair, a sink and a toilet. There is nowindow, only a small faint light on the ceiling. You spend all of your time inthis room, you have no choice. This is your dining room, your den, your bedroomand your bathroom. You are allowed to read and write letters in this room. Youcannot entertain guests in this room, you must go somewhere else for that, in aroom with a mesh screen for you to sit behind, where you are constantly watchedover. Even though this is your bathroom, it has no shower stall or bathtub, butonce a week you are allowed to leave this room to take a shower.Capital PunishmentYour days arespent inside this room reading, thinking and worrying. You aren't in anyordinary room, you're in a cell on death row. A cell res erved for people whowere sentenced to death for committing a crime. Death could be by firing squad,lethal injection, the gas chamber or electric chair. Chances are you've been inthis room for many years and will be for many more. Your lawyers have began thelengthily appeal process. Once all the appeals have failed, it soon is time,and you will be moved to a holding cell. There you will be offered your finalmean, of your choice. Your last visitors arrive, first your lawyer, your familymembers and at last a priest who prays with you. You take your final glancearound the room, as...

Raga Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Raga Music - Essay Example The raga cannot be written down like other forms of music because of the complexity in its keys and notes; therefore, Persons interested in learning the music or understanding its meaning have to listen to it over a long period. Raga is associated with colors, animals, emotions, and magic among other factors (Titon 12). The notes, melodies, and organization of the raga are similar to those of the maqam music. The maqam is an Arabic music played in the Middle East region of the world. The music contains ornamental patterns and phrases that are similar to the Indian raga (Titon 12). This similarity between the two music genres indicates that there is a relationship between Arabs and Indian. The relationship is further manifested in the similarity in the cultures of maqam and Hindu. Researchers argue that the relationship between maqam and Hindu make it difficult to separate the two music. An example of a music that is categorized as maqam and raga is the Sufyana Kalam (Titon 15). The V edas culture that is practiced in India was brought about the Aryans who settled along the Indus valley during the revolutionary period (Titon 268). The Aryans intermarried with Indians while they settled along the valley, and this assimilated their culture into that of the Indians. The culture values horses and cattle besides agriculture. The culture believes in numerous gods and goddesses most of them which are made of calves. The Vedas culture also has hymns, which are in form of poems that the Indians recite in memory of their origin and beliefs. The culture also speaks the Vedic language, which was originally spoken by the Aryans (Titon 268). The Indian classic music, which contains consists of sounds of high and low notes originates from the Vedas culture. The Vedas culture believed that sound was the greatest charming thing to both human beings and animals. The culture had a theory known as the Gandhara Veda, which was metaphysics of various sounds (Titon 269). The sounds in the music differ according to the emotion that they expose, for example, tranquility, loneliness, and sadness among others. The classic music of India such as raga contains these elements of the Vedas culture. The music is based on the four Vedas hymns that contain the beliefs of the culture such as magic, gods and goddesses, and praising the calf among others. The Moghul Empire played part in the development of classic music in India, which is a fusion of Hindu and Islam (Toton 277). The rulers of the empire allowed the Islams and Hindus to mingle with each other in all aspects. Akbar, the first ruler of the Moghul Empire was also the first to show interest in images and texts of musicians. During the reign of the empire, the music was not sung, but rather it was spoken and written in form of texts. The rulers controlled music by allowing musicians to sing and dance within the royal grounds. The palaces of the empires were painted with images of musical texts indicating that they v alued music. The empire contributed in the development of the music by allowing musicians from Islam and Hindu origin to sing and dance together. Before the ruling of the empire, Islams and Hindus did not mingle with each other; thus, music was not common at that time, and it was prohibited in some regions (Titon 278). Karnataka Sangeeta is a classical form of music that is mainly sang in the southern parts of India. The music is a fusion of Persian and Indian culture. Karnataka Sangeeta is similar to Hindusthani music in that it is not preserved through writing; in this music, every performance is considered to be original and unique. The music is preserved in form of images and sculptures, which

Three Named Map Projections Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Three Named Map Projections - Assignment Example In other words, a map highlights the relationship presents between different elements, such as objects and regions, present in the area that it represents. A map can also be defined as a representation of whole or a portion of Earth on a levelled surface to a specific scale. Maps gained their utility from the fact that they were much easier to carry, utilize as well as store then globes, and significantly eased the development of representation on different scales that were both larger and smaller than those possible on globes (Government of Minitoba, 2011). However, while maps allowed for such enhancement, they also introduced several complexities in the art of map drawing (cartography). One of the major problems that were faced by cartographers was the accurate representation of an ellipsoid object on a flat mapping surface. As a result of research on this topic, map projections were introduced. Map projections are methods which are used to represent whole or part of a sphere or a three-dimensional body on to a planar surface (Riesterer, 2008). In terms of earth mapping, map projections were initially used to transfer the features of a globe , such as coordinates and outlines of land areas on to a piece of map. Initially, light was used to "project" a wire globe onto a flat surface, however, as the research progressed these methods were replaced with more scientific method involving mathematical equations and use of computers (Government of Minitoba, 2011). There are basically three major types of projections, cylindrical, planar and conic which are based on the shape of the flat surface (usually paper) on to which the sphere is projected. A cylindrical projection is one in which lines of longitudes are mapped to equidistant vertical lines while rings of latitude are mapped on to horizontal lines. In a planar projection, the directions from the central point are preserved, and great circles through the central points are shown by straight lines on the map. In the conical projection, the lines of longitudes are projected on to a conical surface joining at the apex of the cone. The lines of latitudes are drawn on the cone as rings. This cone is then cut along any longitude line to obtain the conical projection (Riesterer, 2008). All subsequent developments of map project use these three map projections as their basis. An aspect which is considering during the projection process is the aspect of the shape. The aspect of the map describes how the surface is oriented in relation to the sphere or globe. The surface can be normal, transverse or oblique or can also be tangent or secant to the globe. A projection may also be affected by the approximation that is used to measure the shape of the Earth. Some map projection use the approximation of Earth as a sphere, even though Earth is actually and ellipsoid. The use of sphere vs. ellipsoid for Earth approximation is decided by quantifying the advantages and disadvantages of each approximation me thod. Though a more accurate model of Earth, called geoid, exists however it is no used in mapping due to the significant amount of complexities involved in its use (Government of Minitoba, 2011). Despite the fact that more and more accurate methods are being developed as the research in the field of cartography has progressed, it is important to understand that a globe is the only true representation of the Earth's sphere and all attempts made to project it on to a flat surface introduce some sort of distortion in one way or the other. This distortion can be understood from the example of peeling of an orange. Any attempt made to straighten the peel will result in creation of tear and wrinkles on the surface of the peel creating distortion

The influence and effects of JSR-170 on the Content Management Essay

The influence and effects of JSR-170 on the Content Management Industry - Essay Example For example business departments turning content into assets, that thus becomes a monetary value for the enterprise. The ECM market is rapidly growing. Regan (2005) quotes a Gartner study that estimates the value of ECM software at $2.5 billion by end of 2006 while Forrester are predicting 19% growth per annum to reach a value of $4 billion by 2008. The ECM market is predicted to rapidly grow in the next few years and will in all likelihood outstrip the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) market (Dschner et al, 2005). The content is currently locked in proprietary repositories or databases that only allow access with custom APIs. Attempting to have an application that can access information from different repositories is expensive since the application has to implement all the different combinations of repository APIs. As a consequence information that should be integrated remains isolated. This leads to vendor lock-in because the costs of changing a CM-vendor are high. The need for content access standards is obvious yet the content management industry has struggled to solve this problem. "[T]he ECM pure-play and infrastructure vendors are currently pushing their proprietary content repositories, hoping to grab as much market share as possible from rivals" (McNabb and Moore, 2005). Developing custom applications and services on top of a single vendor's proprietary API is an enterprise investment risk. Over time it is possible to lose the investment when the vendor goes out of business. That risk can be mitigated (but not entirely eliminated) through open standards, methodologies or documentation. The Java Specification Requests (JSRs) are documents within the Java Community Process (JCP) for defining new standards for the Java language. JSR-170, whose final version was released on June 17 2005, is expected to solve the above mentioned problem. It offers a standard, vendor-independent API to access data from a content repository and allows the required data flexibility that is needed for ECM to support additional business processes or applications. The concept of JSR-170 is explained in one sentence: "[JSR-170] specifies a standard API to access content repositories in Java 2 independently of implementation" (Nscheler, 2005) A proposed standard can only emerge to a standard if it is widely accepted and supported by the vendors and requested by clients of content management systems. The obvious problem is that while the standard is new not all vendors will have it implemented. This is akin to solving the proverbial problem of what comes first the chicken or the egg. With the standard not implemented the critical mass of customers demanding the implementation of the standard will not be easily achieved. The clients must first be aware of the new

Jane Cazneau Essay Example for Free

Jane Cazneau Essay Hudson posits a Native American grandmother, although there is no solid evidence of this. Her first marriage apparently dissolved, but there is no divorce record. She may or may not have had an affair with Aaron Burr, an early mentor. Hudsons most significant claim is that Jane Storm is the journalist who coined the phrase manifest destiny (pp. 60-62). Hudson argues that later historians have simply assumed that John OSullivan wrote the Democratic Reviews many unsigned editorials. But Hudsons computer analysis (Appendix B) of OSullivans and Storms signed works shows that the grammatical errors in the famous editorial that first contained the phrase exhibit a much closer correlation with those commonly made by Storm than with those made by OSullivan. What is certain is that she migrated to pre-revolutionary Texas and speculated in land grants and immigration schemes. Writing under the pen name Montgomery (later, Cora Montgomery), Storm became a regular correspondent of Moses Y. Beachs New York Sun. When war broke out, Storm accompanied Beach and his daughter on a covert peace mission to Mexico in late 1846. The Beach mission has long been clouded with uncertainty about its purposes and accomplishments, and so Storms role in it is similarly in doubt. Nonetheless, she was clearly an important element, as neither of the Beaches knew Spanish and President James K. Polk had a private interview with her after her return. After the war, Storm continued to favor U. S. xpansion into Latin America and the Caribbean, especially through annexation. Although Hudson maintains that Storm was not a strong proponent of All Mexico during the U. S. -Mexican War, some have credited her with leading the movement. She had contact with Cuban, Mexican, and Nicaraguan filibustering groups. She married diplomat Williams L. Cazneau in 1849 after a long acquaintance but still worked as a journalist for numerous publications, wrote about her travels, and remained active in Democratic P arty politics. She secured a diplomatic mission to the Dominican Republic for her husband and worked with him to gain U. S. access to Samana Bay. Jane Storm Cazneau died in a shipwreck during a storm at sea in 1878. Many questions about her activities and the extent of her influence remain unanswered. Barring the emergence of new documentary collections, Hudsons biography is the most complete picture of her life we are likely to have. As such it is a useful addition to the literature on nineteenth-century U. S. expansionism.

Disabled American Veterans Essay example -- History, War, Veterans

â€Å"Serving those who have served† (About Disabled American Veterans 1). This is the mission statement of the DAV, or the Disabled American Veterans. The DAV helps thousands of disabled American veterans in their life after war. A poll taken in 2009 found out that there are 21,900,000 American veterans. 5,500,000 of the American veterans are disabled (American Veterans By the Number 1). Only 1,200,000 disabled American veterans are members of the DAV (About Disabled American Veterans 1). â€Å"Building Better Lives for America's Disabled Veterans† (DAV 1). The DAV was founded when our country was struggling with the effects of World War I. American veterans that came home from World War I started the DAV in 1920. A lot has changed in the last ninety-one years, but the wounded and sick from the wars still need the DAV's help in life cope with their disabilities (Wars & Scars 1). In 1932 the DAV was deemed the official voice of the nation’s wartime disabled veterans (About Disabled American Veterans 1). The DAV have many missions in helping the veterans. Some mission statements are â€Å"Providing a structure through which disabled veterans can express their compassion for their fellow veterans through a variety of volunteer programs† (Mission Statement 1), â€Å"Extending DAV's mission of hope into the communities where these veterans and their families live through a network of state-level Departments and local Chapter† (Mission Statement 1), and â€Å"Representing the interests of disabled veterans, their f amilies, their widows and spouses, and their orphans before Congress, the White House, and the Judicial Branch, as well as state and local government†(Mission Statement 1). â€Å"Providing outreach concerning its program services to the Am... ... a Board of Directors and an Executive Committee. The Disabled American Veterans plans to provide health care, transportation, unique rehabilitation, and get the veterans a voice on Capital Hill. Both disabled American veterans and the families of the American veterans can receive help from the DAV. Volunteering is a big part of the funding of the DAV, and the volunteers can be nominated for the Jesse Brown Memorial Youth Scholarship. The Disabled American Veterans is partners with many other places to provide special events for the veterans like at Golden Corral give veterans free meals on Military Appreciation Mondays. Another way the DAV gets funding is through donates from people. With all the help the DAV gives to veterans, the DAV makes day to day life easier for the veterans. Of the five million disabled veterans, the DAV provides help to the veterans.

Interpersonal Communication Essay

I joined Eclairs Molders in 2003 immediately after I finished my studies. I had been attached to the organization for more than 3 months during my field attachment. Therefore I had a prior knowledge of the organization and had interacted with several people. When they considered my application for a job, I was happy to join an organization which I had the values oriented towards outcome achievement and had a high degree of people orientation. I was now part and parcel of the organization. When I joined the organization, I was lucky since I was put under the same department that I had served before. I was under the same supervisor who had supervised me during my field attachment. I did not have to be oriented much in the organization culture and other aspects of its operation since I had gone through the same socialization process before. But there was one person who had oriented me in the organization and who remained relevant to me even after I joined the organization for work. That was the secretary in the Production department where I was assigned as an assistant manager. She was still relevant to me as she showed me how I had to start my work and settled in my job. With time we became very close to one another. This was to end up in romantic relationship. In the development of our relationship, we had undergone the full Knapp’s relationship escalation model. I still remember the initiation stage of our relationship when I was directed to her office where she would orient me to the organization. The first 10 to 15 seconds were spent knowing about each other. There was a mutual attraction that developed between us that time as we observed each other’s appearance and manners. Our experimental phase was marked by the continuous interaction that we has as I worked with her guidance. I had a lot of uncertainties about her although I felt more attracted to her. I had to use several strategies in order to reduce this level of uncertainties. Under the uncertainty reduction theory it took on actives and interactive strategies in order to learn more about her. This helped me to gain knowledge and understanding about her. In active strategies, I enquired about her from her friends and also set up several situations under which I would observe her closely like enquiring a lot about work from her. In the interactive strategies, I talked with her most of the time often brining in other topics not related to work so that I would understand her more. Though our relationship remained at this phase when I was in my field attachment it dramatically changed its course when I started working in the company. Although I was assigned another secretary I would still rely on her most of the time and she was also supportive to orient my secretary to her work. We developed a liking for each other and she would spend some of her time in my office sometimes with no official attachment but just chatting with one another. We sure that our relationship had to go beyond business relationship but there was a sense of romance in the air. Our relationship grew and reached the intensification period. At this time we were closer with one another and we disclosed that were wanted to from a lasting romantic relationship. We knew that it would be hard for us to operate in the work place as lovers but we had to our best in order to keep our relationship rolling. Self disclosure was an important aspect that helped to cement our relationship. We developed from the hidden pane to the open pane of Johari window as we opened ourselves to one another. We came to understand our characters and helped each other to understand their characters as well. By undergoing several windows we were able to know each other. Mutual disclosure helped us to know each other well and the trust in our relationship deepened. Following the social penetration theory, we undertook several practices in order to gain closeness in our relationship. This helped our relationship to progress from superficial to intimate. Self disclosure was an important factor in this theory that helped our relationship to grow. We gave rewards from time to time. We all strived to achieve each others satisfaction to help gain stability in our relationship. At first I was not willing to disclosure myself to her. But with time she started disclosing herself and our trust grew. According other norm of reciprocity, I had to disclose myself to her since she had already disclosed herself to me. I found out that she felt better when I disclosed myself to her since she was able to know me well. In the intensifying phase we were able to disclose our love to one another. Our relationship grew and we found ourselves with each other most of the time. At tea break, she would be at my desk while I found myself entering the manager’s office more than office just to pays by her and greet her. Most of the workers around especially the manager and my secretary started noting that there was a growing relationship between us. We would go for lunch together. Slowly we started integrating with tone another. No one wanted to go for lunch or go home alone. After work, we would go to her house and we would have supper together. We started caring for one another. We were like one person. Mine was hers and hers was mine. With were simply inseparable. Most of the time we had to make personal sacrifice in order to accommodate each other. We involved several pro-social strategies in order to gain compromise with one another behavior. Like in any other relationship, we had to make sacrifices to accommodate the other. We made a lot of promises to one another in order to gain compliance. We expressed our positive and negative feelings in order to gain compliance with one another. This helped to build our relationship more and trust each other more. According to the Relationship Dialectics theory as far as connectedness-separateness is concerned with had to make a lot of personal sacrifice in our autonomy for the sake of our relationship. It is not that we did not experience conflict in our relationship but most of time we had to accommodation strategy in order to overcome our conflicts. Many times we accommodate each other but sometimes we had to compromise on a situation when it became too difficult for us to find a solution to the problem. Other time we had to collaborate with one another in order to find a mutually and completely satisfactory solution of our conflict in a win-win situation. At this stage of our relationship, we were sure that we needed each others in our life. Our parent started pressurizing us to get married and stay together. We though that we had the most romantic relationship on earth. We also felt the same need to get married and stay together. But there were other factors that we had to take into consideration before setting down for our marriage. We considered the fact that we had to take time to build ourselves and our relationship before deciding to get married. It was hectic at work to keep our relationship rolling. It was still more difficult to stay in the same department yet in different offices. I found myself delegating most of my secretary duties to my girlfriend and it was evident that she was not auguring well with it. The manager also felt that her secretary was being overburdened to handle his order and my orders as well. In most cases, it was my girlfriend who delegated her work to my secretary. It was like I had assumed her existence and her roles (West and Turner 2000, p. 32). However we did our best to manage our relationship. We had to set time to be together and time to stay at work and carry out our duties. Most of the time the manager complained we were not getting serious with our work and we seemed to value our relationship more than our work. These were some of the difficulties that we had expected from the begging when we decided to be together. Therefore we had to make a lot of sacrifices and commitment most of our time to our work rather than our relationship. But our relationship was not to stay for long. The more it became evident to coworkers that we were in love, the more it became difficult for us to handle our relationship. There were a lot of conflicts that we were able to go through but others became sticky with time. It was just one of such conflicts between maintaining our relationship and carrying out our duties as required that made our relationship difficult to continue with. The conflict As an assistant production manager, I handled most of the incoming production orders from the sales team. I had to vet those order and decide the one which had to be produced first before the others. The work of the manager was just of authorize the production of the orders. Therefore I acted as the main link between the sale department and the production department. On the other hand my secretary and my girlfriend who was the secretary to the production manager linked me with the manager. When I received the orders, I vetted them and gave them to my secretary who would then give them to the Managers secretary for them to be passed to the manager. After the manager signed them, they would follow the same route and come back to me where I would forward them to the production supervisor. This was a complicate change but there was nothing that I could do to make it simpler since that was the culture of the organization. One day, I received a call from the sales department and I was informed of orders that had to be produced within 24 hours. Although we used to handle such orders they were rare and most of our orders were produced within a period of one week. Therefore at this was an urgent order that had to be completed fast. In a normal condition, I was authorized to vet such an order and pass it direct the manager without involving the secretary so that it would be produced within the stipulated time. When I received the orders I decided to take them direct to the manager to be signed. I went to the manager office but I found that he was engaged with another client. For the past tow days, we had not been in good terms with my girlfriend but this was just a normal conflict in a relationship. Therefore when I found that the manager was engaged, we decided to talk with my girlfriend as we waited for the client to finish so that I would see the manager. But our conversation became deep and emotional and I forgot that I had urgent order to be attended to. I became very emotion as my girlfriend seemed to annoy me through the conversation. I just left the order on her table and hurried back to my office apparently very upset from the conversation we had. I did not remember about the orders again. I spent the day in my office attending to other work and I felt very low. The next day in the morning, I go a call from the sales department calling for the packaging of the products as the cline had come to collect them. This was the beginning of the conflict. I called the sales department and informed them that the manager had not signed the orders and therefore they had not been processed. According to the deception theory, I had to manipulate what had happened in order to shift the blame from my office to the manager office although I knew very well that there was a high level of apprehension about the deception in what I was saying. The sales department tried to assimilate the validity of my explanation and immediately it was clear that this as not true. There was some element of deceit in my message. Therefore the sales manager called the production managers office and enquired about the orders. The manager sought to be explained why production manager had not approved the production and yet the office did not communicate to the sales office in order to cancel the orders. The production manager was not aware of any such order and therefore he immediately called me in order to get to the bottom of what had happened. As per my explanation, I told the manager that I had taken a step of handing over the order sot here secretary so that they could be processed easily and I thought that he had not approved those orders. But the secretary had not handed in the order. Amid the conversation and conflict that we had with her, she had forgotten to hand in the order as a matter of urgency and therefore they had not bee approved. Therefore the conflict degraded to be a dyad conflict between me, my girlfriend and the production manager. I shifted the blame to my girlfriend that as the secretary of the manager she had the duty to hand in the orders. The manager on the other and blamed me since I did not treat order with the needed urgency. My girlfriend also blamed me since I did not inform her that the order was urgent and therefore she concentrated on finishing the work that was on her desk first. It ended up as a blame game but between me and her, it was more emotional and entwined to the other conflicts that we had before. Therefore it was a dyad conflict another it was far reaching as it involved deferent department. To me the conflict was more complicated by the emotional bond that I had with the person to who all the blame was falling. I blamed myself since I didn’t do what was right. I just found myself defending my position and forgot all the sacrifices that we had made in the past in our relationship in order to accommodate the other. There was power of love that was entwined in the conflict that made it difficult for me to come over it. At the same time there were office protocols that had to be followed in carrying out the needed activities. The cause of the conflict was vested in the misunderstanding in our relationship and lack of responsibility to my duties. The conflict was difficult to solve coupled with the emotional bond that was between us. In this case the more we tried to come up with solution on how the production could be achieved within hours in order to deliver the products the conflict went back to the start. With the full understanding of the relationship that was between me and his secretary, the production manager became harsher and his usual criticisms of neglecting our duties for the sake of our live escalated once again. There was just one condition that he put for us. It was either we took our relationship out of the work place or one or both of us resign from work and be left at home. His stance made it more difficult to resolve the conflict. But one again there was also the factor of my secretary who argued that she had been neglected in performance of her duties and she was considered to be under the manager’s secretary. With the full understating that both my office and the office of the manager had their own identify and freedom of operation, the manager could not understand how our relationship had fused the operation of both offices such that come of her office tasks were performed by my secretary and my work was performed by his secretary. We had to find a way out of the conflict. We were able to solve the immediate effect of the conflict and we ordered production of the order in a matter of hours. But there was still the problem our work and our relationship that could not be ignored. The manager wanted us to solve it once and for all. At the end the conflict had a destructive effect on our relationship. Coupled with the conflict that we had earlier with my girlfriend, it became difficult to go over the current conflict that we were facing. She accused me of deception and using her as a scape-goat in order to evade the responsibility of what had happened. The trust she had build on me had been deconstructed by one event and our relationship could not take off against or be the same as it had been before. We had entered into a conflict that we could hardly go over. Earlier we had revealed our conflict through accommodating each other and compromise on one situation. But this time she seemed to have taken an avoidance strategy in our conflict. She did not pay attention to what had happened and the ramification it had on our relationship but all she did was to avoid me altogether. She did not appear to pay close attention in order to match the strategies that we could use to solve the problem to the situation that was at our hand. I thought that with time we could recover from the time pressure that was affecting how we resolved our conflict. To me our relationship was more valued and thereof I was ready to compromise and sacrifice myself in order to overcome the conflict to match the situation. But I had used by relative power strategy in order to put the blame on her and I knew she would not forgive me for this. I realized that I was working and therefore I was ready to accommodate her for the sake of our relationship. But she had already reached interpscyhic phase where although she said noting she was more focused on my faults and show used may faults to withdraw from active participation in our relationship. She felt justified in withdrawing from the relationship. But it was over and our relationship entered the terminal stage. First we had differed as I had a ‘me’ stand instead of ‘we’ in the conflict. We were both responsible for the conflict but I had exempted myself from it and accused her. This had acted as the first warning sign that our relationship was just be ending. It had started to dissolve with our earlier conflict and this conflict as the last final strike that drove the nail in. Since that conflict happened we had less instance of communication. We had less interaction as we took to the workplace procedure. Suddenly we had developed different interests and what had our fun been before was not making sense to the other. Although we continued to be with one another from time to time and many thought that our relationships was normal, I knew inside myself that it was not working and non of us was working to save the situation. We reached as stagnation stage and none of us talked about our relationship again. Sometime we would be together and spend a lot of time without talking. In the office our interaction were reduced and even when we interacted, we talked about office matters most of the time. With time we started to avoid each other. There were efforts to reduce face to face conversation with the other and in case I needed something from the manager I would either send the secretary or if she was busy, I would use the office phone. I also noted that she had the same attitude and she reduced the number of trips she had been making to my office and the phone line became active as the main communication channel. At the end, the termination of our relationship was natural. We stopped seeing each. I used my secretary a lot when I wanted anything from the manager’s office. We simple ended our relationship like that and though with difficult, we tried our best to remain coworkers until the date she left the company for another. Up to date I feel that we didn’t hand our conflict the way it was supposed to have been handled. We didn’t pay attention to the fine details of our relationship and we were too emotional in trying to find a solution to it. But it was compounded by the fact that it had emanated from another conflict and this had the effect of an outsider who had more power than us. The nature of the conflict was also difficult as there were protocols or work procedures that had been overtaken by our emotional involvement.